Modern:
Rationalism is defined (today) as using reason as the source of knowledge but it is considered to be more of a method which truth is intellectual and deductive. Rationalism is more a matter of a way to solve problems, not by tradition or experience but as a technique and an engineering. But what does this really mean. Rationalism is not to be confused with being rational or rationality.
Historical:
It is an ideology that came out of the Renaissance in the 1600's. Bacon felt that knowledge was not advancing fast enough and he set about to formulate a new method of inquiry. Bacon believed that natural reason was lacking certainty. Therefore, he argued that the whole system of gaining knowledge must start fresh, that the mind shouldn't be allowed to take its own path but needed to be guided at every step. It required a "sure plan, a new way of understanding, an art or method of inquiry." Thus, he formulated that there must be a technique to inquiry. Bacon recommended 3 characteristics of inquiry:
1. A set of rules. A precise set of directions.
2. The set of rules needs to be purely mechanical as if done by machinery, no knowledge needed except of that technique.
3. The set of rules needed to be universal, that is indifferent to subject matter of inquiry.
The rules of discovery would begin anew with a new foundation. By first purging the mind and thus the new instrument (Novum Organum) was developed.
Character:
Out of the ideas developed a new character, an intellectual type that is the Rationalist. As such the Rationalist have taken Bacon and Descartes as their intellectual guide but have also continued to add and advance their ideolgy and methodology farther. Today the Rationalist can be left or right, conservative or liberal. Nevertheless, they all believe in the same methods or techniques to obtain truth. Basically, the Scientific Method and Statistics.
Politically Speaking:
For the rationalist the way to soliving problems is not through reason, tradition or philosophy but more a matter of engineering and applying the right technique (Political Science). It is the politics of the determined need of the moment. The crisis of the moment is now the nature of politics. Not with the view of the future but only the needs of today. The Laws are not built on our past traditional moorings but are started fresh and decided anew.
No comments:
Post a Comment